Database : HANSEN Search on : ADMINISTRACAO ORAL [Subject descriptor] References found : 9 [refine] Displaying: 1 .. 9   in format [Detailed]

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Id: 18426 Author: Teo, Steve K; Colburn, Wayne A; Tracewell, William G; Kook, Karin A; Stirling, David I; Jaworsky, Markian S; Scheffer, Michael A; Thomas, Steve D; Laskin, Oscar L Title: Clinical pharmacokinetics of thalidomide ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2004. 17 p. ilus, tab, graf. Abstract: Thalidomide is a racemic glutamic acid derivative approved in the US for erythema nodosum leprosum, a complication of leprosy. In addition, its use in various inflammatory and oncologic conditions in being investigated. Thalidomide interconverts between the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers in plasma, with protein binding of 55% and 65%, respectively. More than 90% of the absorbed drug is excreted in the urine and faeces within 48 hours. Thalidomide is minimally metabolised by the liver, but is spontaneously hydrolysed into numerous renally excreted products. After a single oral dose of thalidomide 200mg (as the US-approved capsule formulation) in healthy volunteers, absorption is slow and extensive, resulting in a peak concentration (Cmax) of 1-2mg/L at 3-4 hours after administration, absorption lag time of 30 minutes, total exposure (AUCoo) of 18mg - h/L, apparent elimination half-life of 6 hours and apparent systemic clearence of 10 L/H. Thalidomide pharmacokinetics are best described by a one-comportment model with first-order absorption and elimination. Because of the low solubility of the drug in the gastrointestinal tract, thalidomide exhibits absorption rate-limited pharmacolinetics (the 'flip-flop' phenomenon), with its elimination rate being faster than in absorption rate. The apparent elimination half-life of 6 hours therefore represents absorption, not elimination. The 'true' apparent volume of distribution was estimated to be 16L by use of the faster elimination-rate half-life. Multiple doses of thalidomide 200 mg/day over 21 days cause no change in the pharmacokinetics, with a steady-state Cmax (Cssmax) of 1.2 mg/L. Simulation of 400 and 800 mg/day also shows no accululation, with Css of 3.5 and 6.0 mg/L, respectively. Multiple-dose studies in cancer patients show pharmacokinetics comparable with those in healthy populations at similar dosages. Thalidomide exhibits a dose-proportional increase in AUC at doses from 50 to 400mg. Because of the low solubility of thalidomide Cmax is less than proportional to dose, and tmax is prolonged with increasing dose. Age, sex and smoking have no effect on the pharmacokinetics of thalidomide, and the effect of food is minimal. Thalidomide does not alter the pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives, and is also unlikely to interact with warfarin and grapefruit juice. Since thalidomide is mainly hydrolysed and passively excreted, its pharmacokonetics are not expected to change in patients with impaired liver...(AU). Descriptors: TALIDOMIDA/admin TALIDOMIDA/sint quim TALIDOMIDA/contra TALIDOMIDA/hist TALIDOMIDA/isol TALIDOMIDA/farmacocin TALIDOMIDA/normas TALIDOMIDA/tox TALIDOMIDA/uso terap TALIDOMIDA/metab - ERITEMA NODOSO HANSENICO/quimioter  ERITEMA NODOSO/etiol  SINDROME DE IMUNODEFICIÊNCIA ADQUIRIDA FELINA/terap  ADMINISTRACAO ORAL  INTERACOES DE MEDICAMENTOS/fisiol  RIFAMPINA/antag  FENOBARBITAL/antag  CIMETIDINA/antag  DILTIAZEM/antag  WARFARIN/antag Limits: HUMANO Location: BR191.1; 00948/s

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Id: 13964 Author: Carsalade, Georges-Yves de; Achirafi, Aboubacar; Flageul, Béatrice Title: Pentoxifylline in the treatment of erythema nodosum leprosum ..- Source: s.l; s.n; Jan. 2003. 5 p. tab. Abstract: Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a well-known serious complication affecting 10 per cent of lepromatous multibacillary leprosy patients. In the chronic form, its morbidity may be considerable. Thalidomide and systemic steroids are the two current effective drugs for the management of ENL. However, their use in endemic countries is often difficult and hazardous, and a search for new therapies is needed. We report our experience on the effects of pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine derivative, which has recently been suggested as a possible effective treatment for ENL attacks. (AU). Descriptors: ERITEMA NODOSO/quimioter ERITEMA NODOSO/patol ESQUEMA DE MEDICACAO ADMINISTRACAO ORAL HANSENOSTATICOS/admin HANSENOSTATICOS/uso terap HANSENIASE VIRCHOWIANA/quimioter HANSENIASE VIRCHOWIANA/patol PENTOXIFILINA/admin PENTOXIFILINA/uso terap INDICE DE GRAVIDADE DE DOENCA RESULTADO DE TRATAMENTO Limits: HUMANO MASCULINO FEMININO ADULTO ADOLESCENTE Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 09150/s

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Id: 13871 Author: Shepard, C. C; Van Landingham, R; Walker, L. L Title: Effect of levamisole on Mycobacterium leprae in mice ..- Source: s.l; s.n; may 1977. 4 p. graf. Descriptors: ADMINISTRACAO ORAL VACINA BCG INJECOES SUBCUTÂNEAS HANSENIASE/imunol LEVAMISOL/admin LEVAMISOL/farmacol MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/ef drogas MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/cresc Limits: ANIMAL CAMUNDONGOS SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S. Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 00596/s

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Id: 13191 Author: Shepard, C. C; Van Landingham, R; Walker, L. L Title: Effect of levamisole on Mycobacterium leprae in mice ..- Source: s.l; s.n; may 1977. 14 p. tab, graf. Abstract: Levamisole, an antihelminthic drug that is capable of enhancing immune responses in mice and in humans, was tested in experimental Mycobacterium leprae infections in mice by a number of schedules. Intermittent schedules were used, and administration of the drug was started (i) around the time of inoculation with M. leprae, (ii) when the M. leprae population was approaching the plateau level, (iii) after the onset of the plateau phase, or (iv) after BCG vaccination 28 days following the inoculation with M. leprae. No effect of drug could be discerned with any of the schedules.(AU). Descriptors: MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/ef drogas MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/cresc LEVAMISOL/admin LEVAMISOL/farmacol HANSENIASE/imunol INJECOES SUBCUTÂNEAS VACINA BCG ADMINISTRACAO ORAL Limits: ANIMAL CAMUNDONGOS SUPPORT, U.S. GOV'T, P.H.S. Electronic Medium: http://www.ilsl.br Location: BR191.1; 00596/s

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Id: 12231 Author: Dhople, Arvind M Title: In vivo activity of epiroprim, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, singly and in combination with dapsone, against mycobacterium leprae ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 4 p. tab. Descriptors: ADMINISTRAÇAO ORAL TATUS DAPSONA DAPSONA SINERGISMO DE DROGAS ANTAGONISTAS DO ACIDO FOLICO ANTAGONISTAS DO ACIDO FOLICO LEPROSTATICOS LEPROSTATICOS CAMUNDONGOS CAMUNDONGOS ENDOGAMICOS BALB C MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE TRIMETOPRIM TRIMETOPRIM TRIMETOPRIM Limits: ANIMAL Location: BR191.1; 08715/s

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Id: 11657 Author: Dhople, Arvind M Title: In vivo activity of epiroprim, a dihydrofolate reductase inhitor, singly and in combination with dapsone, against Mycobacterium leprae ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 2002. 4 p. tab. Descriptors: HANSENIASE LEPROSTATICOS LEPROSTATICOS ADMINISTRAÇAO ORAL DAPSONA DAPSONA MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE TRIMETOPRIM TRIMETOPRIM TRIMETOPRIM Location: BR191.1; 08453/s

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Id: 11298 Author: Randhawa, B; Harris, E. B; Prabhakaran, K Title: Bactericidal action of oral ampicillin/sulbactam against mycobacterium leprae ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1999. 3 p. graf. Descriptors: ADMINISTRAÇAO ORAL AMPICILINA AMPICILINA ANTIBIOTICOS COMBINADOS ANTIBIOTICOS COMBINADOS MEMBRO POSTERIOR HANSENIASE CAMUNDONGOS CAMUNDONGOS ENDOGAMICOS BALB C MODELOS BIOLOGICOS MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE SULBACTAM SULBACTAM Limits: ANIMAL Location: BR191.1; 07237/s

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Id: 10257 Author: Carrazza, Maria Zilda Nunes Title: A metemoglobinemia e a dapsonemia como indicadores na intoxicacao aguda por dapsona ?- Source: Sao Paulo; s.n; 1998. 81 p. tab, graf. Thesis: Present for Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Ciencias Farmaceuticas presented for the degree Doutor. Abstract: Com o objetivo de fornecer uma contribuicao clinico-laboratorial, que permitisse avaliar a gravidade da intoxicacao por dapsona (DDS), foram estudadas as analises toxicologicas e os dados de 274 pacientes, dos quais 60 por cento mulheres. As analises toxicologicas laboratoriais foram efetuadas no Laboratorio do Centro de Controle de Intoxicacoes, da Prefeitura do Municipio de Sao Paulo, no periodo de janeiro de 1985 a dezembro de 1995. As idades dos pacientes variavam de 1 mes a 50 anos, razao pela qual foram distribuidos em grupos etarios: o grupo 1 constituido por 147 criancas menores de 5 anos de idade (55,2 por cento), o grupo 2 por 33 criancas de 5 a 12 anos (12,4 por cento), o grupo 3 por adolescentes de 13 a 18 anos (14,7 por cento) e o grupo 4 por 47 adultos de 19 a 50 anos (17,7 por cento)(AU). Descriptors: METEMOGLOBINA HANSENIASE HANSENIASE CENTROS DE TRATAMENTO DE ABUSO DE SUBSTANCIAS QUIMIOTERAPIA COMBINADA ADMINISTRAÇAO ORAL BIOTRANSFORMAÇAO TENTATIVA DE SUICIDIO DAPSONA TOXICOLOGIA Location: BR191.1; . C335.900.10, C231m

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Id: 9968 Author: Sehgal, Virendra N; Bhattacharya, Sambit N; Chattopadhaya, Debasish; Saha, Kunal Title: Tumor necrosis factor: status in reactions in leprosy before and after treatment ..- Source: s.l; s.n; 1993. 4 p. tab, graf. Descriptors: ADMINISTRAÇAO ORAL ANTIINFLAMATORIOS NAO ESTEROIDES ANTIINFLAMATORIOS NAO ESTEROIDES CLOROQUINA CLOROQUINA CLOROQUINA CLOFAZIMINA CLOFAZIMINA ERITEMA NODOSO ERITEMA NODOSO HIPERSENSIBILIDADE TARDIA HIPERSENSIBILIDADE TARDIA LEPROSTATICOS HANSENIASE DIMORFA HANSENIASE DIMORFA HANSENIASE TUBERCULOIDE HANSENIASE TUBERCULOIDE PREDNISOLONA PREDNISOLONA COMPRIMIDOS FATOR DE NECROSE DE TUMOR HANSENIASE LEPROMATOSA HANSENIASE LEPROMATOSA Location: BR191.1; 06612/s

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